The Protective Effects of Anthocyanins on Neurons
Faculty Mentor(s)
Dr. Daniel Sharda
For Communication to Presenters & Mentors
alynn@olivet.edu, drsharda@olivet.edu
Project Type
Honors Program project
Scholarship Domain(s)
Scholarship of Discovery
Presentation Type
Presentation
Abstract
Background
Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s are debilitating neurodegenerative diseases that are largely thought to be exacerbated, and perhaps even caused by oxidative stress in and around neurons. Green tea is known to contain various nutrients that reduce oxidative stress. Anthocyanins are group of nutrients that are found in plants that have red, purple, or black fruit. They have been shown to directly reduce oxidative stress and may also affect the activity of enzymes such as catalase that reduce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can be simulated by LPS and D-galactose (DG), sugars that are commonly found on pathogens. SH-SY5Y cells are neuronal stem cells that are widely used in in vitro neuronal models.
Methods
SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated using all trans retinoic acid over a span of 8 days. Differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with green tea extract (GTE), tart cherry extract (WTC), elderberry extract (ELE), or coffee berry extract (CBE) or with GTE and WTC, ELE, or CBE. Each plate contained positive, negative, and GTE controls. After 24 hours of pretreatment, half of the cells were treated with either LPS or D-galactose (DG). LPS treatment lasted for 12 hours, while DG treatment lasted for 72 hours. After treatment, cells were lysed using a hypotonic lysis buffer3. Lysate were then used in spectroscopy assays measuring catalase activity and protein concentration.
Results
DG-treated cells that were pretreated with only GTE or WTC had significantly higher catalase activity than those that were stressed with DG without any extract pretreatment. DG-treated cells that were pretreated with both CBE and GTE had significantly lower catalase activity than those that were pretreated with GTE alone. Unstressed cells that were pretreated with elderberry had significantly lower catalase activity levels than those that were not pretreated. WTC, ELE, and CBE do not appear to have synergistic neuroprotective effects with GTE through the upregulation of catalase.
Permission Type
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.
The Protective Effects of Anthocyanins on Neurons
Reed 330
Background
Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s are debilitating neurodegenerative diseases that are largely thought to be exacerbated, and perhaps even caused by oxidative stress in and around neurons. Green tea is known to contain various nutrients that reduce oxidative stress. Anthocyanins are group of nutrients that are found in plants that have red, purple, or black fruit. They have been shown to directly reduce oxidative stress and may also affect the activity of enzymes such as catalase that reduce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can be simulated by LPS and D-galactose (DG), sugars that are commonly found on pathogens. SH-SY5Y cells are neuronal stem cells that are widely used in in vitro neuronal models.
Methods
SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated using all trans retinoic acid over a span of 8 days. Differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with green tea extract (GTE), tart cherry extract (WTC), elderberry extract (ELE), or coffee berry extract (CBE) or with GTE and WTC, ELE, or CBE. Each plate contained positive, negative, and GTE controls. After 24 hours of pretreatment, half of the cells were treated with either LPS or D-galactose (DG). LPS treatment lasted for 12 hours, while DG treatment lasted for 72 hours. After treatment, cells were lysed using a hypotonic lysis buffer3. Lysate were then used in spectroscopy assays measuring catalase activity and protein concentration.
Results
DG-treated cells that were pretreated with only GTE or WTC had significantly higher catalase activity than those that were stressed with DG without any extract pretreatment. DG-treated cells that were pretreated with both CBE and GTE had significantly lower catalase activity than those that were pretreated with GTE alone. Unstressed cells that were pretreated with elderberry had significantly lower catalase activity levels than those that were not pretreated. WTC, ELE, and CBE do not appear to have synergistic neuroprotective effects with GTE through the upregulation of catalase.